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What type of onsite wastewater system (septic system) should I have installed?
What type of onsite wastewater system (septic system) should I have installed?

Learn about the types of septic systems and the process involved in getting one installed.

Updated over 8 months ago

Installation of a drainfield for a conventional septic system/© Adobe Stock

An onsite wastewater system (OWTS) is a privately owned and maintained sewage disposal systems. It serves to treat wastewater and produce disinfected effluent that is not harmful to humans or the environment. OWTS is the broad term that includes all types of systems including the conventional septic system. It is important for you to learn about the different types and understand the process involved when installing an onsite wastewater system. By visiting the USEPA's Septic Systems (Decentralized/Onsite Systems) webpage, you can learn a lot more about OWTS.

There are many types of onsite wastewater systems including conventional systems, drip distribution systems, aerobic treatment units (ATU), and many more. Visit the USEPA's Types of Septic Systems webpage to learn more about each kind. The type of septic system you should have installed depends on various factors:

  • Size of your property: The amount of space that is available for a system will determine if you can fit a large drainfield or if you are limited to a smaller, more compact system, such as an ATU.

  • Soil conditions: A percolation test or soil classification will help to assess an issues like drainage problems or high seasonal water tables which may interfere with some types.

  • Local regulations: Check with your local health authority as they may have specific guidelines and regulations that limit the types of allowed systems.

  • Your specific needs: The size of the system required will be based off of a variety of factors including the number of bedrooms, if you have a home business, and if you have a garbage disposal.

It is recommended to consult with a septic system professional or a licensed contractor who can assess your property and provide personalized recommendations based on these factors. They will be able to determine the most suitable type of septic system for your specific situation and ensure that it meets all the necessary requirements and regulations.

Additional Resources:

Want to learn more about your private well and how to care for it?

Sign up for the free 10-week email course from PrivateWellClass.org. The class is a project of RCAP and the University of Illinois, with funding from USEPA.

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