What is a well pump, and what types of pumps can be used with a private well?

A well pump is a device used to extract water from a well and deliver it to a desired location. The well pump is either located on the ground level, in a basement or pit, or inside the well casing depending on the type. Each type of pump has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of pump depends on factors such as the depth of the well and the desired pumping capacity.

Types of well pumps available include jet pumps, submersible pumps, centrifugal pumps, and piston pumps. For a more in depth look at the different types, the Illinois State Water Survey's Wells and Pumping Systems for Domestic Supplies circular and the National Groundwater Association's Pumping Systems document provide helpful information.

It is becoming more common to chose a pump that has an integrated variable speed drive. To learn more, read our article, "What is a variable speed drive (VSD), and do I need a well pump with one?"