Well cap/Photo courtesy of QWRVermont.com
A well cap is the cover on top of the well casing. A properly sealed well cap protects against various types of contamination, such as nonpoint source pollution, which includes runoff of pesticides and herbicides, soil erosion, and elements from the street. It also keeps out insects that can cause problems in a well, such as bacteria levels rising from their droppings.
What is a sanitary well seal?
A sanitary well seal, also referred to as a vermin-proof well cap, serves as a protective cover for wells. Its design aims to prevent insects, small mammals, or surface water from infiltrating the well. This specialized cap features vertical bolts and an airtight rubber gasket seal, ensuring a barrier against contaminants. By sealing the well effectively, it safeguards against surface contamination, particularly bacterial intrusion.
How does a well cap get damaged?
There are several ways that well caps can get damaged including:
Physical Impact: Well caps can be damaged by physical impact, such as being hit by vehicles or lawnmowers.
Weather Conditions: Extreme weather conditions, such as heavy rain or hail, can also damage well caps.
Corrosion: Well caps made of metal, such as aluminum, can corrode over time due to exposure to moisture and other environmental factors.
Tampering: Unauthorized tampering with well caps can lead to damage. This can include attempts to remove or open the cap, which can result in cracks or breakage.
Age and Wear: Like any other component, well caps can deteriorate over time due to normal wear and tear.
How do I repair my well cap if it gets damaged?
Inspect the well cap: Check the well cap for any cracks or signs of damage. Ensure that it is sealed tightly and there is no evidence of tampering.
Replace the well cap: Replace the well cap if it is damaged beyond repair. A local contractor or well professional can assist you in selecting and installing a new one.
Ensure proper sealing: Make sure a newly installed well cap is sealed tightly to prevent contaminants from entering the well.
Perform regular maintenance: After repairing or replacing the well cap, it is important to perform regular maintenance checks. Inspect the well cap periodically to ensure it is sealed tightly and free from cracks or tampering. If the well cap is vented, ensure the vent is screened and free of debris.
If you are unsure about the repair process or if you encounter any difficulties, it is recommended to seek assistance from a professional well contractor to ensure the job is done correctly and safely.
How can I prevent my well cap from getting damaged?
Regular inspections: Frequently check your well cap for any cracks or signs of damage. Make sure that it is tightly sealed at all times. Promptly address any issues that are found.
Protect against tampering: Consider installing a well cap with a lock to ensure the security of your well cap by preventing unauthorized access.
Avoid landscaping around the well cap: Avoiding planting any vegetation that could interfere close to your well. Also, ensure that there is not a low area near your well where water can stand and that the soil around the wellhead is sloping away from the casing.
Additional Resources
Well Caps, 2009, National Groundwater Association.
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