Renting a house with an onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS) or septic system can seem very daunting. Landlords are responsible for following state and local regulations, but some responsibility may fall on the tenant. It is important to understand how the septic system works and to follow these suggestions:
Determine how wastewater is handled: If you pay a utility bill for sewer, then you are on a municipal wastewater system. If you do not pay for utilities, look around the property for evidence of a septic system in the yard. If you are still unsure, ask your landlord whether the rental home is on a public system or if there is an onsite wastewater treatment systems.
Read the rental agreement: Your rental agreement should clearly explain the responsibilities for septic system care, including maintenance schedules and tenant obligations. If you do not have a written rental agreement, work together to create one both the tenant and landlord agree to before an issue arises.
Learn about local regulations: Many states require landlords to follow specific septic system regulations, including proper installation, maintenance, and environmental compliance. Contact your local health authority and ask if there are any regulations where you live.
Ensure the system is being maintained: Landlords are typically responsible for ensuring the septic system is properly maintained, including scheduling routine inspections and pumping to prevent backups and system failures. Check your rental agreement to verify.
Notify your landlord of issues: If you notice slow drains, foul odors, or soggy ground near the septic tank, these could indicate problems with your septic system. Inform your landlord immediately of any problems. If a septic system issue arises, landlords must investigate the cause. If the problem is due to tenant misuse (e.g., flushing inappropriate materials), the tenant may be responsible for repair costs.
Educate yourself about OWTS: The US Environmental Protection Agency dedicates the third week of September every year as SepticSmart Week to educate people about septic systems. Learn more by checking out their educational materials and watching their quick tip videos. You can also check out our article: "Where can I find more information about septic systems?"
Additional Resources
SepticSmart Rental Flyer. US Environmental Protection Agency. 2019.
Septic Resources for Homeowners. National Onsite Wastewater Recycling Association.
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